The Self-control Model of Shiite Youth with a Grounded Theory Approach
Keywords:
Grounded theory, Self-control, Young ShiiteAbstract
For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.
Background and Objective: Self-control plays a significant role in physical and spiritual health. Studies have shown that spiritual attitudes and religious teachings play a role in promoting self-control. The purpose of this study was to determine the components of self-control construct in Shiite youth.
Methods: Based on the purpose of the study, i.e. determining the self-control construct, and based on criterion-oriented studies in this regard, in the present study, qualitative approach was applied with grounded theory method for collecting data. The participants were 32 youths whose self-control was evaluated using a semi-structured interview. In this study, all the ethical considerations were observed and no conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Results: The findings of this study showed that self-control construct in Shiite youth has four main components and fourteen subcomponents: 1) Attitude (belief in the benefits of avoidance, belief in harms of committing, attention to the emotions involved in the problem, problem solving, self-esteem); 2) self-motivation ability (the benefits of avoiding, paying attention to the damage done, paying attention to the emotions involved in the problem, and positive self-assertion); 3) the ability to control oneself and the environment (the ability to control attention, the ability to control impulse, the ability to control the environment, the active conditioning, socializing with good friends); and 4) adaptability, self-awareness, problem solving ability, flexibility, acceptance of excitement and behavior management, secondary positive evaluation.
Conclusion: By comparing the results of the presents study with the text-based studies such as the one by Rafi’ee Honar, who considers the self-control construct as self-monitoring, target recognition, motivation, excitement control, cognitive control and persistent control, it can be found that the model developed in the present study makes the psychological self-control constructs more clear and, consequently, provides a more appropriate ground for developing self-control scales of the Shiite youth and appropriate psychological training programs for promoting self-control.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.
Please cite this article as: Farhoush M, Masteri-Farahani R, Jamshidi MA, Shokri-Khoubestani M, Ghorbani S. The Self-control Model of Shiite Youth with a Grounded Theory Approach. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020;6(1):60-73. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i1.21233
References
DeLisi M, Tostlebe J, Burgason K, Heirigs M, Vaughn M. Self-control versus psychopathy: A head-to-head test of general theories of antisociality. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice. 2018;16(1):53-76.
Casey B. Beyond simple models of self-control to circuit-based accounts of adolescent behavior. Annual review of psychology. 2015;66:295-319.
Beames J, Schofield TP, Denson TF. A Meta-analysis of Improving Self-control with Practice. Handbook of self-control in health and well-being Abingdon, UK: Routledge. 2017.
Duckworth AL, White RE, Matteucci AJ, Shearer A, Gross JJ. A stitch in time: Strategic self-control in high school and college students. Journal of educational psychology. 2016;108(3):329.
De Ridder D, Gillebaart M. Lessons learned from trait self-control in well-being: making the case for routines and initiation as important components of trait self-control. Health psychology review. 2017;11(1):89-99.
Finkenauer C, Buyukcan-Tetik A, Baumeister RF, Schoemaker K, Bartels M, Vohs KD. Out of control:
Identifying the role of self-control strength in family violence. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2015;24(4):261-6.
Rafi’ee Honar H. Psychology of self-control with Islamic approach. Qom: Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute Publications; 2016. (Full Text in Persian)
The Holy Quran. Sura Al-Hojorat,verse 13. Qom: Darolqoran karim. 1994.
Mazaheri A. The Link between Sharia and Doctrine and Truth derived from Quranic Verses and Narrations. Seraje Monir. 2013;4(13):87-104. (Full Text in Persian)
Magen E, Gross JJ. Getting our act together: Toward a general model of self-control. Self-control in society, mind and brain. 2010:335-53.
Gailliot MT, Baumeister RF. The physiology of willpower: Linking blood glucose to self-control. Self-Regulation and Self-Control: Routledge; 2018. 137-80.
Milyavskaya M, Inzlicht M, Routledge B. Attentional and motivational mechanisms of self-control. Routledge International Handbook of Self-Control in Health and Well-Being. 2017:11-23.
Tangney JP, Baumeister RF, Boone AL. High self‐control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of personality. 2004;72(2):271-324.
Piquero AR, Jennings WG, Farrington DP, Diamond B, Gonzalez JMR. A meta-analysis update on the effectiveness of early self-control improvement programs to improve self-control and reduce delinquency. Journal of Experimental Criminology. 2016;12(2):249-64.
Miles E, Sheeran P, Baird H, Macdonald I, Webb TL, Harris PR. Does self-control improve with practice? Evidence from a six-week training program. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. 2016;145(8):1075.
Friese M, Frankenbach J, Job V, Loschelder DD. Does self-control training improve self-control? A meta-analysis. Perspectives on Psychological Science. 2017;12(6):1077-99.
Rafi’ee Honar H, Janbozorgi M, Pasandideh A, Rasul Zadeh Tabatabaee SK. A Review of Self-Control Construct according to Islamic Thought. Ravanshenasi va Din. 2014;7(3).5-26. (Full Text in Persian)
Carter EC, McCullough ME, Carver CS. The mediating role of monitoring in the association of religion with self-control. Social Psychological and Personality Science. 2012;3(6):691-7.
Itzchakov G, Uziel L, Wood W. When attitudes and habits don’t correspond: Self-control depletion increases persuasion but not behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 2018;75:1-10.
Kahl KG, Winter L, Schweiger U. The third wave of cognitive behavioural therapies: what is new and what is effective? Current opinion in psychiatry. 2012;25(6):522-8.
Nordahl H, Wells A. Testing the metacognitive model against the benchmark CBT model of social anxiety disorder: Is it time to move beyond cognition? PloS one. 2017;12(5):e0177109.
Wills A. Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence in the Workplace in Relation to Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Kaplan University; 2018.
Pallini S, Chirumbolo A, Morelli M, Baiocco R, Laghi F, Eisenberg N. The relation of attachment security status to effortful self-regulation: A meta-analysis. Psychological bulletin. 2018;144(5):501.
Kerret D, Orkibi H, Ronen T. Testing a model linking environmental hope and self-control with students' positive emotions and environmental behavior. The Journal of Environmental Education. 2016;47(4):307-17.
Berkman ET, Hutcherson CA, Livingston JL, Kahn LE, Inzlicht M. Self-control as value-based choice. Current directions in psychological science. 2017;26(5):422-8.
Akbari Zardkhaneh S, Shahabi R, Khodayarifard M. Religiosity, Self-Control and Tendency to Substance Abuse among University Students. refahj. 2009; 9(34) :115-30. (Full Text in Persian)
Aghababaei H, Hossein Khanzadeh AA, Hemati Alamdarloo G, Moradi A, Rezayi Dehnavi S. Prediction of Self Control Capacity based on Various Religious Orientations and Its Role in Crime Prevention. Criminal Law Research Journal. 2011;2(2):19-36. (Full Text in Persian)
Arsang-Jang S, Khoramirad A, Pourmarzi D, Raisi M. Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Ethical Decision Making in Iranian Nurses. Journal of Humanistic Psychology. 2017:0022167817704319.
Mousavimoghadam SR, Houri S, Omidi A, Zahirikhah N. Evaluation of relationship between intellectual intelligence and self-control, and defense mechanisms in the third year of secondary school girls. MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL. 2015;25(1):59-64. (Full Text in Persian)
Mahmoodi F, Sadeghi F, Jamalomidi M. Canonical Analysis of the Association between Spiritual Attitude and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Among the Students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research. 2017;15(3):280-90. (Full Text in Persian)
Rafi’ee Honar H, Janbozorgi M. The Relationship between Religious Orientation and Self-control. Ravanshenasi va Din. 2010;1(3):31-42. (Full Text in Persian)
Naru'ii R, Salehi AM, Jandaqi Gh. The Effectiveness of Remembrance of God on Self-Control according to Islamic Sourcess. Ravanshenasi va Din. 2013;6(2).19-30. (Full Text in Persian)
Rafi’ee Honar H. Islam, Ethics and Psychological Self-control. Scientific Journal Management System. 2013;2(3):147-72. (Full Text in Persian)
Sarafraz MR, Ghorbani N, Javaheri A. Self-Control: Unidimensional or Multidimensional Capacity? Distinction between the Inhibitory and Initiatory Facets among students of Tehran University. Journal of Research in Psychological Health. 2013;6(4):69-75. (Full Text in Persian)
Kotabe H, Hofmann W. On Integrating the Components of Self-Control. 2015. 618-38.
Baumeister RF, Vohs KD, Tice DM. The strength model of self-control. Current directions in psychological science. 2007;16(6):351-5.
Audretsch DB, Boente W, Tamvada JP. Religion, social class, and entrepreneurial choice. Journal of Business Venturing. 2013;28(6):774-89.
Shu’bah Harani H. Tuhaf al-uqul. Qom: Teachers Societi publication. 1984. (Full Text in Arabic)
The Holy Quran. Sura Al-Kahf, verse 110. Qom: Darolquran Al-karim. 1994.
Glaser BG, Strauss AL. Discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research: Routledge; 2017.
Aldiabat KM, Navenec L. Data Saturation: The Mysterious Step in Grounded Theory Method. The Qualitative Report. 2018;23(1):245-61.
Corbin J, Strauss A, Strauss AL. Basics of qualitative research: Sage; 2014.
Edwards K. The interplay of affect and cognition in attitude formation and change. Journal of personality and social psychology. 1990;59(2):202.
Blum LA. Gilligan and Kohlberg: Implications for moral theory. Ethics. 1988;98(3):472-91.
The Holy Quran. Sura Al-Alagh, verse 14. Qom: Darolquran Al-karim. 1994.
The holy Quran. Sura Altobe-, verse 105. Qom: Darolquran Al-karim. 1994.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Under Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (June 20, 2003), cience-research Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat are fully compliant with open access mandates, by publishing its articles under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). Authors retain copyright of their work and can deposit their publication in any repository. This means that articles can be freely reused by the author and others as long as the article is properly cited. Published articles in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Journals can be deposited immediately into an online repository without any cost. This articles can be, printed, archived in a collection, included in course-packs, and distributed without restrictions. Please read the full Creative Commons License for further information.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
